Ceftriaxone Sodium Injection Iinformation

TRADE NAME

Cefixon Injection

GENERIC NAME

Ceftriaxone sodium Injection USP

THERAPEUTIC CLASS

Antibacterial(3^rd Generation Cephalosporin)

DESCRIPTION

Ceftriaxone injection USP is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third generation cephalosporins, it has board spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.

There are several generation of cephalosporins mentioned below:

1^st generation cephalosporins: First generation cephalosporins are moderate spectrum agents, with a spectrum of activity that includes penicillinase-producing, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci and streptococci, though they are not the drugs of choice for such infections. e.g. Cefadroxil (Sefadol), Cephradine (Dolocef), Ceftezole etc.

2^nd generation cephalosporins: The generation cephalosporins have a grater Gram-negative spectrum while retaining some activity against Gram-positive cocci. They are also some more resistant to beta-lactamase. e.g. Cefaclor (Sefalor), Cefuroxime, Cefonicid etc.

 3^rd  generation cephalosporins: Third generation cephalosporins have a broad spectrum of activity and further increased activity against Gram-negative organisms . e.g. Ceftriaxone (cefixon), Cefixime (Loxim), Cefpodoxime etc.

4th generation cephalosporins: Fourth generation cephalosporins are extended-spectrum agents with similar activity against Gram-positive organisms as first-generation organisms as first-generation cephalosporins & and more active against Gram-negetive organism e.g. Cefipime, Cefpirome etc.

Formulation

Cefixon 250mg IV/IM injection: Each vial contains Ceftriaxone sodium USP equivalent to 250mg Ceftriaxone.  

Cefixon 500mg IV/IM injection: Each vial contains Ceftriaxone sodium USP equivalent to 500mg Ceftriaxone.   

Cefixon 1mg IV/IM injection: Each vial contains Ceftriaxone sodium USP equivalent to 1mg Ceftriaxone.  

Cefixon 2mg IV/IM injection: Each vial contains Ceftriaxone sodium USP equivalent to 2mg Ceftriaxone.

MECHAHANISM OF ACTION

Cefixon: belongs to a group of antibiotics gram called the cephalosporin. It kills bacteria by interfering with transpeptidase enzyme which is responsible for the synthesis of bacteria cell wall, peptidoglycan. The bacteria therefore break up and die.

               

                  Transpeptidation

                              |      Transpeptidation       <  -  Cefixon

                                        

                    Peptidoglycan

                              |

 

 Stability & rigidity of bacterial cell wall

MICROBIOLOGY

 Cefixon : covers aerobic gram negative microorganism such as  -   Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Heamophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella species etc.

Cefixon : covers aerobic gram positive microorganism such as  -  Staphyloccoccus aureus, Staphyloccoccus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes etc.  

     

Cefixon : covers anaerobic gram microorganism such as  -   Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium species, Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella (Bacteroides) bivius etc.

CLINICAL INDICATIONS

Infections caused by pathogens sensitive to Ceftriaxone, e.g.:

·        Preoperative prophylaxis of infections.

·        Meningitis

·        Pneumonia

·        Sepsis

·        Abdominal infactions (peritonitis, infections of the biliary and gastrointestinal tracts)

·        Infections of the bones, joints, soft tissue, skin and of wounds

·        Infections in patients with impaired defense mechanisms

·        Renal and urinary tract infections

·        Ear, nose and throat infections

·        Genital infections, including gongrrhoea.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION

Cefixon is intended for intravenous use only.

Adultd & children over 12 years:

·        The usual dosage is 1-2 gm of Cefixon once daily (every 24 hours).

In severe cases or in infections caused by moderately sensitive organisms, the dosage may be raised to 4 gm once daily.

·        In uncomplicated gonorrhoea or cystitis: 1gm pre-operative single dose.

·        In prophylaxis of postoperative infection: 1gm pre-operative single dose.

Neonates, infants and children up to 12 years:

The flowing dosage schedules are recommended for once daily administration:

·        Neonates (up to 14 days): 20-50 mg/kg bodyweight once daily. The daily dose should not exceed 50 mg\kg.

·        Infants and children (15 days to 12 years): 20-80 mg/kg once daily.

·        For children with bodyweights of kg or more: Adult dose.

SIDE EFFECTS

·        Headache, rash, itching (pruritus), diarrhea

·        Allergic reaction to active ingredient

·        Pain and inflammation of the blood vassel at the site of injection

·        Dizziness, nausea and vomiting

·        Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) & large intestine (colitis)

·        Increase in the time it takes for blood to clot

Drug interactions

Probenecid: The removal of ceftriaxone from the body may slowed if given with probenecid.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Cefixon is contraindicated in patients with know allergy to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics.

BRAND INFORMATION

Preparation	Pack size	MRP(in BDT.)
Cefixon 250mg IV/IM injection	1 vial	80
Cefixon 500mg IV/IM injection	1 vial	120
Cefixon 1gm IV/IM injection	1 vial	160
Cefixon 2gm IV/IM injection	1 vial	250

PRODUCT POSITIONING

                                                                                       SUCCESS RATE                                       

v     Pneumonia                                                                          100%                                       

v     Bacterial Meningitis                                                             100%

v     Multi-drug-Resistant salmonella typhii                                  100%

v     Infectious diarrohoea                                                           100%

v     Uncomplicated Acute Otitis Media                                      100%

v     Enteric fever                                                                        100%

TRGET DOCTORS

v     Surgeons

v     Medicine Specialists

v     Urologists

v     Gynecologists

v     ENT specialists

v     GP’s

v     DGP’s

COMPETITIVE PRICE

Competitor	Brand Name	Pack size	MRP/250 mg	MRP/500 mg	MRP/1gm	MRP/2gm
Renata	Ceftizone	1’s	100	140	190	340
Popular Pharma	Eracef	1’s	85	120	180	300
Ziska	Triphin	1’s	80	120	160	250
Orion Laboratories	Vertex	1’s	90	120 1	95	230
Opsinin Pharma	Traxon	1’s	90	120 1	60	450
Techno Drugs	cefixon	1’s	80	120	160	250